Utility demand-side management funding and programs have historically been "siloed" to the energy system the utility serves.  Electricity utilities administer programs for electricity customers, natural gas utilities administer programs for natural gas customers.  These fuel silos can create barriers and complications as policy objectives evolve, particularly concerning emissions reductions and economy-wide efficiency goals, or new technologies become more competitive (e.g., heat pumps). Governments and utilities are increasingly developing strategies to break these "fuel silos" to facilitate fuel switching.